Regulations+of+fishing

﻿Regulations of Fishing Fishing regulations and rules are put into play because many of the marine habitats are being ruined byt different unsustainable fishing methods. Also because fishermen are wiping out many different species because there was no limitation on how long or how much they can fish. Different reasons have caused rules and regulations to be adopted in the fishing industry. A.) Fishing Effort Limitations: -Restrictions on the //size// of fleet -The //amount of time// they can spend fishing.

B.) Catch Limits: -Limit the //quantity// of fish that can be taken from the sea before fishermen need to stop fishing.

C.) Technical Measures: -Regulate //how// and //where// fishers can fish.

D.) Discarding: -Taking all unwanted fish (bycatch) and throwing them back into the ocean.

E.) Illegal Fishing: Includes fish stocks, destroys marine habitats, distorts competition, puts honest fishers at an unfair disadvantage, and weakens costal communities, particularly in developing countries.  - Under recently adopted rules only marine fisheries products validated as legal by the relevant flag state or exporting state can be imported to or exported from Europe. -A European black list has been drawn up covering both illegal vessels and states that turn a blind eye to illegal fishing activities. -Operators who fish illegally anywhere in the world, under any flag, face substantial penaltiesproportionate to the economic value of their catch, which deprive them of any profit.

Lexi Doody October 3, 2011 Fishing in Europe is a vast source of income for many people. Fishing is a way to feed millions of people in the world and to make a decent living for those who decide to take it up as an occupation. However, fishing has created many different issues in both Europe and the rest of the world. Today, many different species are coming close to extinction because too many are being caught for harvesting and many others are close to extinction as well because they are bycatch. Bycatch is the fish a fisherman catches, but does not want so the fish is merely thrown back into the ocean. Other factors in fishing issues is the amount of time fishermen spend fishing, the quantity of fish that can be taken from the sea before fishermen need to stop fishing, the size of the fleets sent out into the ocean to fish, and how and where fishermen can fish each day. According to //The Guardian//, fish fleets are becoming larger by the week. The size of the fleets has a great impact on the amount of bycatch thrown back by each boat. Since 2008, all across Europe fleets have discarded stocks of cod worth $2.7billion (Singer). Now, under the ‘entry/exit scheme’ capacity is now measured for both the fleet itself as well as the number of fishermen on the fleet. To ensure this policy all EU fishing vessels must register with “The Community Fleet Register” before entering the ocean (IUU). Along with the size of the fleet being a factor in fishing regulations, another important boundary is the time the fishermen can spend fishing before a limit is met. This law is put in place to conserve and improve fish populations (Take). There are also fishing seasons. These seasons have been established to defend fish when their populations are vulnerable. The fishing seasons allows the species to have time to reproduce and keep their numbers maintainable so they will not become extinct. The type of fish being fished depends upon the season. Ocean fishing seasons are generally much longer than those of fresh water fishing (Fishing). Quantity of the fish is extremely important in ocean fishing. Total allowable catches (TACs) are catch limits that are set for most major commercial fish stocks. TACs are usually set annually for most salt water stocks. This means that each year only a certain amount of each stock is allowed to be fished. The TACs are easily shared throughout EU under a system known as relative stability. This enables the different countries to be in contact with one another, as well as the government, to keep the amount of each species caught to the maximum amount without surpassing the legal limit (Take). This also includes many technical measures. A technical measure is a term used to describe how and where the different stocks may be fished. Each vessel must keep these in mind when they are fishing an environment that could possibly have already been fished. There is a maximum mesh size for the nets, there are closed areas which may have already been fished that day, and there are measures used to prevent damage to the marine environment. These also need to be conversed throughout the different countries to keep the quantity of fish in the ocean to the minimum limit. These technical measures keep the amount of fish caught per day to a minimum to maintain the populations under the sea (IUU). Fishing is a necessity for life. Fishing in both the ocean and fresh water will never come to a halt in EU or anywhere else in the world. For the reason that fishing will never stop, regulations need to be set in place, and need to stay in place to keep the many species under the sea safe and plentiful. Having boundaries keep fishermen from over fishing an area, and keeps the fish from becoming extinct. Fishing feeds millions of people each day, and provides many people with occupations they could not live without. Since these two things are so important and fishing will never seize, regulations provide the fresh and salt waters with the ability to stay abundant for many years in the future.

Alysha Raimo Environmental GD Period B <span style="color: #000000; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16px;">8/10/11

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 90%;"> Discarding fish has become a big issue all throughout Europe. Today, people are trying to make the fishing policy more sustainable by taking all unwanted fish, also known as bycatch and throwing them back into the ocean. It is said that an estimated 60% of fish caught by E.U. vessels are tossed back overboard The E.U has been pushing for a ban on discarding bycatch which are fish that aren't what the fishermen want at the time, and are the fish dead or alive when they are thrown back into the water. The E.U has founded that on a percentage, 80% of its stocks are being over-fished. In order to do this, people of these states who fish would need to keep better track on their own fist stocks. Fishermen are being asked to use different types of fishing methods because the not as expensive bycatch will take up room on the fishing vessels which makes it harder for fishermen to actually catch what they really need. The E.U's plan by then end of 2015 is to bring fishing down to sustainable levels by 2015. Rainer Froese, a fishery biologist of the Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences in Germany said, "The big fear is that after all this horse trading, not much will be left." Words are still being said to whether or not this is going to happen because the European Parliament yet has agreed to make this ban happen (Vogel).

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Fishing illegally involves many ways of doing it including <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> fish stocks, destroying marine habitats, puts honest fishers at an unfair disadvantage, and weakens the coastal communities (What’s). For example, in developing countries this is where all these things happen because the fishermen or the people of the community do not know the rules of how to fish legally. <span style="color: #000000; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Illegal fishing today in Europe has started to put the country in somewhat of a debt due to the way the fishing industry works. In total, Europe has had financial problems that ended up to $10-23.5 billion. It is said that if nothing changes in the next 9 years, by 2020 <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">over $14.5 billion in catches, $11.6 billion in stock value and 27,000 jobs could be lost if nothing is done to fix these problems (Stop). People should be able to fix these problems both for the economy and the world around us because not only are the people getting hurt, but also the environment. The most important needs for fishing are a catch certificate, which allows fishermen to import fish products in the EU(Stop). It is said, that only marine fishery products have been accepted by the relevant flag state or exporting state can be imported to or exported from Europe (What’s). This long process, even though it is difficult and hard to follow, it helps both the people of the community and the environment in the ocean. It saves money that shouldn’t be spent and it helps give the people a better understandment of how money works and how the EU puts its money to use.

<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16px;"> When fishermen want to fish they don’t always know how or where to fish. There are certain technical measures to where they can fish or where they cannot fish. Some of these technical measures include minimum mesh sizes for nets, closed areas and seasons, minimum landing sizes, limits on by-catches as a percentage of total catch, and incentives to adopt specific kinds of fishing gear which have been shown to reduce by-catch of unwanted organisms. All these measures should be put into play when fishermen go fishing (Technical). All areas in the oceans around Europe are not always filled with fish that can be used to just fool around with and fish just to fish. Fishermen need and have learned where exactly to fish for the certain kind of fish they actually want to catch and sell. People have to be careful where they fish and what methods they are using at a certain spot because if they something wrong in the process of fishing, they could destroy the environment down in the ocean. For example, if they use nets that are weighed down by metal bars through the areas of the oceans they could destroy the environment where the fish get nurtured which is what the fish depend on for certain reasons (Technical). These technical measures play a big role in the fishing industry because without them fisherman wouldn’t always have to fish to catch at the time they want it at. If people learn and apply these measures, the environment and economy of Europe wouldn’t be in such a predicament.